Researchers at the University of Bristol have been working on the development of a method which could result in self-healing of various products including airplane wings, wind turbines and bicycle frames. The researchers feel that it’s something that could be introduced in the next five to 10 years.

The system of self-healing is based on tiny microspheres which contain a liquid carbon-based “healing agent”, which are interspersed in the component itself. Inspiration for the idea came from the way in which the human body heals from a cut with blood that hardens into a scab.

When the component is damaged, the microspheres burst which releases the liquid, which in turn hardens. This hardening occurs when the liquid comes into contact with a catalyst substance, also present in the material of the component.

Chemistry professor Duncan Wass told the BBC: “We’re talking about tiny cracks – not a 1m-wide (3ft) hole. But micro-cracks can lead to catastrophic failures. Composite materials are increasingly used in modern airlines, military aircraft and wind turbines. They are very stiff and strong but very light.

“That’s perfect for aerospace… but the problem is if they are damaged, they are difficult to protect and repair,” he said. “Our technology would enable you to maybe extend the maintenance schedule or use less material without compromising safety.”

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